Reading Instruction Competence Assessment (RICA) Practice Test

Which stage of spelling development indicates that children understand that letters represent sounds?

1. Pre-communicative

2. Semi-phonetic

3. Phonetic

4. Conventional

The correct answer is: Phonetic

The stage of spelling development that indicates children understand that letters represent sounds is the phonetic stage. During this stage, children begin to make connections between sounds and the letters that represent them, allowing them to spell words more accurately by using their phonetic knowledge. They rely on their understanding of sounds to spell out words, even if the spelling isn’t entirely accurate. In this phase, children might demonstrate inventive spelling, where they spell words based on their pronunciation rather than traditional spelling rules. For example, they might spell "cat" as "kat" or "night" as "nite." This reflects a significant advancement in their spelling development, where they are no longer just using random letters but are actively attempting to match sounds to the appropriate letters. Understanding this connection lays the foundation for their continued growth in spelling and literacy, as they move on to more advanced stages that involve a deeper grasp of language conventions and structures.