Reading Instruction Competence Assessment (RICA) Practice Test

Orthographic knowledge refers to what aspect of language?

1. Understanding grammar rules

2. Knowledge of spelling and word structure

3. Identification of phonics sounds

4. Recognition of sentence structure

The correct answer is: Knowledge of spelling and word structure

Orthographic knowledge specifically relates to the understanding of spelling and the structure of words. It involves recognizing patterns in written language, such as how letters combine to form sounds and meanings, which is crucial for proficient reading and writing. This understanding aids in the ability to spell words correctly and recognize word formation rules. The focus on spelling and word structure is key because it encompasses both the visual aspects of words and the rules governing their construction, which directly impacts literacy development. This knowledge supports fluent reading since recognizing orthographic patterns enables readers to quickly decode unfamiliar words, thereby enhancing comprehension. The other choices do pertain to language but do not accurately define orthographic knowledge. Understanding grammar rules, identifying phonics sounds, and recognizing sentence structure encompass different domains of language and literacy that are important in their own right, yet they are distinct from the specific notion of orthography.